20 'What CCD really thought of the banana boats', transcript of a talk given by Neom� de Espinoza, executive president of the Christian Council for Development (Honduras), at Christian Aid, London 5 July 1999. In the words of one Honduran commentator, corruption remains 'a chronic infirmity. Over 220,000 people lost their homes during Mitch. 98 'Natural disasters cost insurers 45bn', The Daily Telegraph, London, 30 December 1998. One year on, Honduras remains locked in a post-colonial plantation economy, where patronage politics rule, corruption is described as a chronic infirmity and the military still casts an ominous shadow. Hurricane Katrina’s surge in 2005 broke levees and flooded New Orleans. After a decade of “structural adjustment” imposedby the World Bank, the IMF and USAID, these governments are hollow shells,mutilated by enforced cutbacks.
'The company has wanted for years to undermine the rights we workers have fought to win.' Only days after Mitch, UK deputy prime minister John Prescott told the Buenos Aires conference on the Climate Change Convention (held to draw up ways of implementing cuts in emissions of the gases that cause global warming) that Hurricane Mitch and the recent flooding in China were warnings that the world ignores at its peril.23.
Sandor Arguello, pulled scores of the dead and dying from the mud near Chinandega, about 100 km northwest of Managua. Comes a hurricane and how can you beginevacuation if there’s no money for gasoline, no vehicles, skeleton staffs,no vaccines, not even the ability to stockpile drinking water?
Mitch claimed no lives in Puerto Corts. Find latest updates on global humanitarian responses, Honduras: ‘It’s more than putting food on the table for LGBT+ people — it’s inclusion’, Honduras: Movimiento masivo de población en el Norte de Centro América - Flash Update No. Honduras remains very sensitive about corruption.
© 2020 A&E Television Networks, LLC. All of the above create vulnerabilities, but is it not simply poor preparation, bad disaster management and the severity of the storm that explain the devastating impact of Hurricane Mitch? The promotion of equality between men and women, the rights of children, ethnic groups and other minorities should be given special attention, to co-ordinate donor efforts guided by priorities set by the recipient countries.
The United States put an end to all that, drivingthe Sandinistas into an increasingly desperate state of siege. In Honduras, with the rain came a sea of mud as the torrent washed away the topsoil from uplands denuded by decades of deforestation. Sharecroppers, tenants and squatters predominate. The 1999 World Disasters Report, an annual global survey of humanitarian trends, said last year's natural disasters were the worst on record, with 25 million new environmental refugees fleeing drought, flood, deforestation and eroded land, outnumbering refugees displaced by war for the first time.1, Astrid Heiberg is President of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies which launched the report in June.
Natural disasters are never just about the forces of nature; they have human causes and effects. In Tegucigalpa, hundreds of houses in Colonia Soto, one of its many hillside shanty towns, vanished in a landslip that moved 7 million cu/m of soil and rock. It's been a struggle, says Edmundo Madrid, 56 year-old community leader, for people to find the land, raise the money to buy it, and to build houses two days a week, while working on the local coffee plantations and on their own meagre coffee plots. That the international community, the government of Honduras, and Honduran civil society work together with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to agree a detailed action plan of implementation, with critical indicators, to effect the Stockholm Declaration. We are asking for dignity.'
Honduras owes $4.6 billion. 92 Weber, George (1999) 'Introduction', World Disasters Report 1999. 27 Norsworthy, K and Barry,'t (1993) Inside Honduras, Inter-Hemispheric Press, Albuquerque, Texas. If the UN Disaster Prevention Decade had concentrated less on 'big science' and big projects in Piers Blaikie's words, and looked harder at how to act locally, perhaps its success ratio would have been greater.
Depending on the size and track of the hurricane, storm surge flooding can last for several hours. Three kinds of deforestation have destabilised habitats; commercial logging, peasant pioneer farming and the growth of urban slums.
We don’t shake our readers down for money every month or every quarter. But only poverty can explain why it was so deadly. '82, After Mitch, the World Bank, along with the IMF and IDB, set up a Central America Emergency Trust Fund to channel bilateral contributions to ease the region's multilateral debt service burden.
But it may take many more years to restore economic confidence, encouraging public and private investment to allow Honduras the relative prosperity to spend the necessary money on its citizens' health and education. She is one of the lucky ones who escaped when the shanties of Colonia Soto fell into the River Choluteca. '20, Before Mitch, CCD was working in 130 communities with integrated rural development programmes, incorporating work on health, education, agriculture and pastoral work.
“We have come light years from where we were in 1900,” says Jay Barnes, a hurricane historian who has written about storms in North Carolina and Florida. Many of these causes get 'lost' when policy makers sit down to address disaster mitigation. Its annual debt repayments in 1997 were $505 million (or $1.38 million a day), some 40 per cent of its annual budget, while over 80 per cent of its population live below the poverty line. The historical importance of this meeting is expressed by the high-level representation from both Central American governments and the international community. The government's target was enough international assistance donated to ensure a year's food supply for every Honduran citizen in distress. '75, While editorials in British newspapers were sympathetic, International Monetary Fund managing director Michel Camdessus was initially sceptical.76 On the eve of a key World Bank meeting in Paris on 10 December, the Honduran ambassador in London, Roberto Flores Bermudez, urged the international community to offer Honduras exceptional debt relief: 'Honduras has no money to pay for its debts and its reconstruction not because of bad policies or because it doesn't wish to, but because that capacity was crushed by a force majeure.77.
But it is 25 years since a hurricane claimed more than 100 lives in the north of the continent. The international community has a key role to play in Honduras, as elsewhere, by using aid and debt relief strategically to facilitate democratic transition and poverty eradication.85, The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Honduras is currently formulating a set of critical indicators to turn the terms of the Stockholm Declaration into concrete action. President Flores told US ambassador James Creagan that his country must do more and compared Washington's aid effort unfavourably with that of Mexico. 7 Vidal, John (1998a) 'Gentle river that became a flood', The Guardian, London, 11 November 1998. 40 'Making do' (1999), The Economist, London, 3 July 1999. In the 1980s, the Brundtland Commission report Our Common Future highlighted the importance of sustainable livelihoods in coping with vulnerability, protecting the environment and fostering longer-term development.42 For many of the peasant farmers of Honduras, their sustainability was washed away with Mitch literally. Hurricane mitch In an awesome display of power and destruction, Hurricane Mitch will be remembered as the most deadly hurricane to strike the Western Hemisphere in the last two centuries! The slide killed many people and blocked the River Choluteca, creating a new health hazard in an eerie lagoon of untreated sewage and chemical effluents in which corpses floated by.6, On the coastal plains of Honduras, in the second city, San Pedro Sula, to the north, the flooding was 15 km wide, devastating the vital banana-growing industry.
Yearafter year the peasants tried to ward off starvation, raising subsistencecrops on slopes so extreme that sometimes, in photographs from El Salvador,one comes across a peasant working his land while tied to a stake, so hewon’t slip. We need to start planting at least before 15 December or we will lose the season.
Across the region, two million people were homeless and destitute, without food, shelter or possessions. A plethora of international NGOs and UN organisations arrived with material and personnel, but the challenge of assisting a million people without homes or hot meals remained daunting, especially in remote rural areas, with most of the country's roads and bridges washed away. This is what we call storm surge.
On 2 November 1998, with 60 per cent of the country under water, the Christian Commission for Development (CCD), Christian Aid's major partner in Honduras, appealed urgently for food, clothing and medical supplies. Reference for dates, season, wind speeds and pressure. The Honduran Women's Study Centre (CEM-H), a Christian Aid partner, provides food aid to 458 families in Tegucigalpa's slum colony of La Nueva Esperanza, and runs shelters for vulnerable women. to intensify efforts to reduce the external debt burden of the countries of the region.61 In the language of the UN Natural Disaster Reduction Decade, 'infinite risk cannot be matched by infinite resources'. "Many poor people are in terrible need," said Rev. Then, a month on from Mitch, with over 200,000 people still living in temporary shelters, the government turned to the Honduran churches to take over the task of caring for them. The Utsein Declaration proposes building stronger coalitions for change, in order to develop genuine partnerships between developed and developing countries, civil society and the private sector. 41 Sapstead, David (1998) 'Hurricane Mitch survivors live on with little hope', Daily Telegraph, London, 28 December 1998. Poverty is the most persistent cause and the most pernicious effect of human disaster. So, for years now, those worn hillsides and floodplainsthrough Central America have been awaiting Mitch. "What took us 50 years to build has been destroyed in 72 hours. 'The daily reality of the people is also clear: authoritarian imposition, deception and political calculations, party loyalties, a pattern of following orders that prevails from the highest levels of the country down to the president of a neighbourhood or village association.
They join an invisible 25 million environmental refugees worldwide people who have literally lost their 'place' in the world.52. Hurricanes are as prevalent in North America as they are in Central America. 93 Parry, ML; Arnell, N; Hulme, M; Nicholls, N; Livermore, MTJ (1998) 'Adapting to the inevitable', Nature, Vol 395, p741. That's a major problem at the moment because everything is in English, so we have a little bit of interpretation to do. Union members picketed the Cobb plantation for weeks as Chiquita used higher-paid non-union labour, in a bid to lure workers away from the union. Op cit.
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