The governor, noting the reaction of the public to press sensationalism soon after Lee's and Frank's arrests, organized ten militia companies in case they were needed to repulse mob action against the prisoners. While defense made the subject an extraordinary for a new trial, it is well known that it is almost a practical impossibility to have a verdict set aside by this procedure.[177]. [21], In 1912, Frank was elected president of the Atlanta chapter of the B'nai B'rith, a Jewish fraternal organization. "[155][156][n 17][n 18] According to Tom Watson's biographer, C. Vann Woodward, "While the hearings of the petition to commute were in progress Watson sent a friend to the governor with the promise that if Slaton allowed Frank to hang, Watson would be his 'friend', which would result in his 'becoming United States senator and the master of Georgia politics for twenty years to come. 1477–80 with footnotes 39–52. [117], During the trial, the prosecution alleged bribery and witness tampering attempts by the Frank legal team. They were skeptical about the rest of his story, not only because it implied premeditation by Frank, but also because it suggested that Frank had confessed to Conley and involved him. In the first part, he criticized outsiders who were unfamiliar with the evidence, especially the press in the North. 36 from Atlanta to New York and buried in the Mount Carmel Cemetery in Glendale, Queens, New York on August 20, 1915. Lee and Frank were both ordered to be detained. Against this background, the murder of a young girl in 1913 triggered a violent reaction of mass aggression, hysteria, and prejudice. [63], The police were satisfied with the new story, and both The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Georgian gave the story front-page coverage. Other newspapers in the state followed suit and many ministers spoke from the pulpit supporting a new trial. "[n 29], The June 21, 1915 commutation provoked Tom Watson into advocating Frank's lynching.
[205] The New York Times reported Frank was handcuffed, his legs tied at the ankles, and that he was hanged from a branch of a tree at around 7:00 a.m., facing the direction of the house where Phagan had lived. He arranged for Conley to be moved to a different jail, and severed his own relationship with the Georgian. Don’t worry, it won’t take long.
The defense brought many witnesses to support Frank's account of his movements, which indicated he did not have enough time to commit the crime. The girl was strangled on April 26, 1913, and found dead in the factory's cellar the next morning.
"[161] Two factors stood out to Slaton: the transporting of the body to the basement and the murder notes.
The police were quoted in The Atlanta Constitution saying that this refusal was an indication of Frank's guilt, and the meeting never took place. [48] The blood was smeared high up on the armpits and the shirt smelled unused, suggesting to the police that it was a plant. [124] This argument was carried forward throughout the appeal process. "[9][n 3][n 4]. One of these children was Mary Phagan, who worked at the National Pencil Company where Frank was director. I wish today to recommend to you and the Governor to commute Frank's sentence to life imprisonment.". The commutation was headline news. It also ruled that spectator influence could only be the basis of a new trial if ruled so by the trial judge. [38][39], In addition to Lee, the police arrested a friend of Phagan's for the crime. This included various letters, including one written by Judge Roan shortly before he died asking Slaton to correct his mistake. Regal The prosecution's theory was that Stover did not see Frank because he was at that time murdering Phagan. Her underwear was still around her hips, but stained with blood and torn open.
By the defense's calculations, Frank's time was fully accounted for from 11:30 a.m. to 1:30 p.m., except for eighteen minutes between 12:02 and 12:20. I had previously learned of the Mary Phagan/Leo Frank case when NBC aired a two-part TV movie starring Jack Lemmon called "The Murder of Mary Phagan" back in the late '80s.
In 1912, after her mother married John William Coleman, the family moved int… Stover's account did not match Frank's initial account that he had not left the office between noon and 12:30. The sealed envelope awaiting her in her employer's office safe contained just $1.20.". "[165][n 22], The murder notes had been analyzed before at the extraordinary motion hearing.
The defense then moved to have Conley's entire testimony concerning the alleged rendezvous stricken from the record.
Today, the consensus of researchers on the subject holds that Frank was wrongly convicted and Jim Conley was likely the actual murderer. If Frank had engaged Conley to watch for him, it could only have been for Mary Phagan, since he made no improper suggestion to any other female on that day, and it was undisputed that many did come up prior to 12.00 o'clock, and whom could Frank have been expecting except Mary Phagan under Conley's story. [12], Leo Max Frank was born in Cuero, Texas[13] on April 17, 1884 to Rudolph Frank and Rachel "Rae" Jacobs. Conley's testimony on Frank's alleged sexual conduct was found to be admissible because, even though it suggested Frank had committed other crimes for which he was not charged, it made Conley's statements more credible and helped to explain Frank's motivation for committing the crime according to the majority. He had also taken an elderly black woman's civil case as far as the Georgia Supreme Court.
[265] The 1998 Broadway musical Parade, based on the case, won two Tony Awards. Part of the decision repeated the message of the last decision: that Frank failed "to raise the objection in due season when fully cognizant of the fact. [n 13] Fearing for the safety of Frank and his lawyers in case of an acquittal, Roan and the defense agreed that neither Frank nor his defense attorneys would be present when the verdict was read. [59] Conley was still in police custody two weeks later when he gave his first formal statement.
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